The integration of Cy’s group and Willy B’s group in the spring of 2022 resulted in countless benefits to members of each: Willy B finally got to groom with the boys, Mave and Dora became instant and inseparable best friends, Honey B discovered the joys of morning mall-walking with her girl gang, and everyone found new opportunities for comradery and companionship in a larger social group. But it hasn’t been without its challenges.
Or should I say, without one particular challenge:
OK, it’s probably not fair to place all of the group’s instability at the feet of our friend, Willy B, but it’s not too far off. Willy B is a large, dominant chimp with little in the way of social skills. He’s well-tolerated if not always appreciated by the group’s alpha, Cy, and shown proper deference by the lower ranking males. The girls, especially Rayne, go out of their way to accommodate his occasionally idiosyncratic social behavior. He has playmates, grooming partners, and allies. In other words, he’s found a place in a real social group. And most of the time, things are great.
Except when they’re not. That is, when he’s compelled to cause chaos.
Here’s a typical scenario: It’s mid-afternoon and while most of the gang are resting and grooming in the Greenhouse, Willy B is napping by himself in the Front Rooms. He gets up and, as if checking his watch and realizing he is late for his 3:30 appointment, tracks down Terry and begins directing mild but persistent threats his way. Nothing serious, mind you—a pant hoot here, a thump on the glass there—but he knows it will get a reaction out of Terry. This continues until Terry or someone else in the group has had enough of the drama and chases after Willy. And this is when another socially inexperienced chimp would learn his lesson—in the chimp world, there’s nothing like a good pummeling to help you realize that you crossed a line. But instead, it’s where the small but fearless Honey B jumps in the protect her old buddy. And before long, Willy is standing back, watching other chimps screaming and chasing each other around and planning for his next chaos appointment. Which is always coming up shortly.
The precise timing of Willy’s provocations shifts here and there but the overall pattern is unchanging and resistant to any and all distractions. To be clear, Willy hasn’t really hurt anyone (if anyone gets hurt, it’s typically not by him) and the level of serious wounding in this group is pretty normal. But it’s more stress than we’d like to see and, just as importantly, a lot of missed opportunities for play, resting, and grooming without any real trend toward resolution.
After consulting with trusted colleagues, we decided to try a “reintroduction.” As the name implies, a reintroduction involves pulling the group apart and putting them back together again, but in a way that aims to elucidate and then reinforce the hierarchy and to allow bonds to form which may not have had the chance to form during or subsequent to the first introduction. Compared with other potential avenues, such as sub-grouping or moving chimps to another group, reintroduction is a relatively easy and low-risk strategy to mitigate group instability.
We began yesterday by pulling Cy and Willy B from the group and having them live together apart from the remaining seven. During this time, we’re watching for indications of dominance, such as priority access to food and physical displacement, as well as affiliative behaviors like play and grooming. Based on the outcome of this initial dyad, we’ll begin building the group back up. But instead of focusing on ensuring that everyone has allies to protect them from their new, unfamiliar group mates, which is a significant concern during initial intros, we focus on making sure that each individual is forming bonds in a way that conforms to and shows an understanding of the hierarchy. New members are added only after the reintroduction group has met certain benchmarks towards this goal.
In case you are wondering, Cy and Willy have been getting along great. And Cy is still the clear and undisputed alpha, as evidenced just now by his ability to take food right out of Willy’s hand without protest. While we didn’t expect anything different, we all breathed a sigh of relief. We need an adult in charge.
